第 七 讲：英 语 写 作 （二）
大作文
往年试题：
Directions: write a composition of no less than 250 words according to the outline given below.
Sample 1
My View on Playing Computer Games
1. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏有利于智力开发。
2. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏妨碍学习。
3. 我的观点。
Sample 2：对贫富差距加大现象谈谈看法
评分标准
Global scoring
a. Content
b. Language
2分:条理不清， 思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。
5分：基本切题。表达思想不清，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分：有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误较多，其中有一些严重错误。
11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误
14分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上没有语言错误，仅有个别小错。
注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个独立的词而无法表达思想，给0分。
严重错误——语法错误
There are many reasons caused the accident.
The driver of the car no in.
The life is becoming gooder and gooder.
That day rain bigly.
The man who through the street
The car which in a fast speed hit him.
The car which in a fast speed hit him.
I got the place where happened the accident. ————————————————————————————————————————————
第1页
Our city would happen many traffic.
写作注意事项
1. 审好题，想好再写，不要写了又划掉，也不要写完了发现字数不够有写，这样整篇
文章就不联贯了。
2. 把握好文章的重心，一般“我的观点”应该是重心。
3. 注意写作的格式——缩进式或齐头式。
4. 拿不准的词、短语或用法应避免使用。
5. 表达要清晰、简洁，不必一味追求结构的复杂而尽可能多的使用从句，这样文章会
显得很罗嗦。如：The economy is developing at a speed which is very fast.
6. 注意用词和搭配。
7. 检查-s和-ed，尽量避免严重错误。
Choice of Words
e levels of English words
English native words(core)informal(oral)
French or Spanish words
Latin or Greek words (academic words)formal (written)
Examples
EnglishFrench or SpanishLatin or Greek
askinquireinterrogate
breakseverseparate
fireflameconflagration
houseaboderesidence
kinglyroyalregal
manlymalemasculine
risemountascend
timeageepoch
I know thatI am aware that
I believe thatI am convinced that
I have a good idea.A good idea occurs to me.
Causegive rise to
Emphasizelay emphasis on
Because ofdue to, owing to
Stop, endcome to a stop/end
Suddenlyall of a sudden
Oftenmore often than not
2. Connotation of Words (English explanation)
common, peasant, assassinate, gay, acquire, date, property, enemy, problem, issue
3. General Vs Specific terms (overuse of general terms)
beautiful, delicious, famous,
China’s English
小康社会、缘分、丞相、风水、三个代表 孔子、孟子、老子
容易用错的词
1. 词性
lack, serve, contact, last, marry, concern, like
2. 汉语影响
more perfect, very excellent, return back, repeat again, good memory power, listening ability, high quality goods learn the knowledge
常见错误
(1) two predicates in one simple sentence
Every year lots of familys sit at the front of TV wait this game after have delicious e have many people like SFG.
My mother cooks food is very delicious.
(2) Omission and overuse of Be
Nowday people’s life level is arise.
Many person are like watch SFG in the eve.
SFG was appeared since 1984.
SFG is liked by many people.
How fast time was gone!
SFG can divide into several parts.
We very busy.
(3) Comparative degree
more and more better
become gooder and gooder,
(4) Conjunction
because…
although…
While
(5) I very like hate
(6) Part of speech
most of we Chinese, make me surprise,
with the quick development of economic and social,
In my’s opinion, I advice to keep SFG.
eating good, drinking good, playing good;
good plays, good look, good use;
I think it dues to the development,
Let’s analysis and discovery the main factors leading the changes.
To men, women just liked clothes. they like it like me like it.
two weeks past
choose, choice, succeed, success, successful, die, dead, death
(7) Choice of words
The whole family assemble to have a dinner.
congratulate Spring Festival,
abolish (stop, give up) SFG,
sit behind the TV to look SFG,
Many people fall in love with watching SFG.
We can elect other programs to see.
celebrate SFG with bomb,
stand in the shadow/shade
mosquito bite/sting
It’s a gay meeting/party
(8) Phrases
in all in; one hand, another hand, third hand; at one hand, at second hand, at last hand; in one hand, from other hand; last but not the last, last but not most; on my opinion; A coin has two hands (coins). Everything has two hands (coins).
(9) Spelling
We can’t cansle (cancer, cancle) it.
SFG is watched by hole word.
happyness,
include (ing) SF, Every student include me enjoys
Poor people maybe very angry (hungry).
eat the soap (soup);
Benefitial
Drived
Dispite
I will adopt to the campus life
联 贯
1. 并列：
and,as well as
on the one hand… on the other hand
for one thing… another
firstly…ndly…dly…finally
subsequently,then,thereafter, afterward, in the following …
at first,initially,originally
at last,eventually
2. 递进：
Moreover,
Furthermore,
In addition,
Additionally
What is more
Besides
Apart from…
3. 转折
But
Yet
However
Nevertheless
While
Whereas
On the contrary
In contrast
4. 结果
So
Therefore,
Thus
Hence
As a result （consequence）
Consequently
5. 原因
Because (of)
Due to
Owing to
On the account of
In view of
Thanks to
On the grounds that
6. 假设
If…..
Given that
Provided that
Unless
On the condition of
As (so) long as
7. 其他
(1) Sentence adverbs: absolutely, alternatively, currently, undoubtedly, certainly, consequently, subsequently , obviously
(2) PP: in general, on average, in fact, in effect, in theory, in practice, in reality, in particular,
(3) Adv speaking: generally speaking, broadly speaking, strictly speaking, theoretically speaking
(4) precisely because, mainly because, merely because, only because
段落用语
Beginning:
With the development of
As is well known to
We all know that
As we all know
As a proverb says,
As a saying goes
As for… some people hold the opinion that…. While others
argue (maintain) that
Every coin has two sides.
It has merits and demerits.
It has pros and cons. Supporters and opponents
Development
Recent researches have proven/shown/indicated that
My arguments/reasons/ideas will be listed as follows:
In the following paragraph, I will
Firstly, secondly, and finally
Why is it that …..
Ending
All in all
In a word
In conclusion
In short
In summary
To sum up
To summarize
In brief
其他用语
be deeply rooted in
be in favor of
be opposed to
It goes without saying that
The past twenty years saw/witness
Chances are
No wonder
It is likely that
As time goes by
When it comes to
As illustrated/shown in the chart/table
面试：
面试的教授专业领域涵盖所有现有学科（人文科学、社会科学、技术科学、自然科学、学生德育五大类）,每大类组随机抽取1人,组成一个面试五人小组。面试前,教授们将审阅考生的各种资料,包括考生们所提交的入学申请材料和水平测试成绩等。面试时,由教授对学生一对一面试,每名学生都要“连闯五关”,与5位专家面对面交谈,累计面试时间超过1个小时。专家组将从学生博学、社会实践、兴趣、创新能力、时政了解、思想性等多方面考察学生的综合素质,并依据面试结果作出是否录取的建议。
英语面试试题
2005复旦：根据男女就业表格，给speaker写一份报告。
2006复旦：谈谈你所希望的大学生活的一天
2006交大：根据twins，identical，doctor，fun编一个故事